Vibrio RTX Toxins
Multifunctional autoprocessing RTX toxins are a unique family of secreted proteinaceous toxins, predominantly produced by Vibrio species. The best characterized of these toxins is produced by V. cholerae. In the eukaryotic cell, this toxin has three distinct biochemical activities resulting in autoprocessing, covalent crosslinking of actin, and inactivation of Rho-family GTPases, ultimately resulting in destruction of the actin cytoskeleton. Related toxins produced by V. vulnificus and V. anguillarum have some similar mechanisms of action. These toxins may assist the bacterium to evade host immune defenses.
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