Power Supply
The ATX specification requires the power supply to produce three main outputs, +3.3 V, +5 V and +12 V. Low-power −12 V and 5 VSB (standby) supplies are also required. A −5 V output was originally required because it was supplied on the ISA bus, but it became obsolete with the removal of the ISA bus in modern PCs and has been removed in later versions of the ATX standard.
Originally, the motherboard was powered by one 20-pin connector. An ATX power supply provides a number of peripheral power connectors, and (in modern systems) two connectors for the motherboard: a 4-pin auxiliary connector providing additional power to the CPU, and a main 24-pin power supply connector, an extension of the original 20-pin version.
Color | Signal | Pin | Pin | Signal | Color |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Orange | +3.3 V | 1 | 13 | +3.3 V | Orange |
+3.3 V sense | Brown | ||||
Orange | +3.3 V | 2 | 14 | −12 V | Blue |
Black | Ground | 3 | 15 | Ground | Black |
Red | +5 V | 4 | 16 | Power on | Green |
Black | Ground | 5 | 17 | Ground | Black |
Red | +5 V | 6 | 18 | Ground | Black |
Black | Ground | 7 | 19 | Ground | Black |
Grey | Power good | 8 | 20 | Reserved | N/C |
Purple | +5 V standby | 9 | 21 | +5 V | Red |
Yellow | +12 V | 10 | 22 | +5 V | Red |
Yellow | +12 V | 11 | 23 | +5 V | Red |
Orange | +3.3 V | 12 | 24 | Ground | Black |
|
Four wires have special functions:
- PS_ON# or Power on is a signal from the motherboard to the power supply. When the line is connected to ground (by the motherboard), the power supply turns on. It is internally pulled up to +5 V inside the power supply.
- PWR_OK or Power good is an output from the power supply that indicates that its output has stabilized and is ready for use. It remains low for a brief time (100–500 ms) after the PS_ON# signal is pulled low.
- +5 VSB or +5 V standby supplies power even when the rest of the supply lines are off. This can be used to power the circuitry that controls the Power On signal.
- +3.3 V sense should be connected to the +3.3 V on the motherboard or its power connector. This connection allows for remote sensing of the voltage drop in the power supply wiring.
Generally, supply voltages must be within ±5% of their nominal values at all times. The little-used negative supply voltages, however, have a ±10% tolerance. There is a specification for ripple in a 10 Hz–20 MHz bandwidth:
Supply | Tolerance | Range (min. to max.) | Ripple (p. to p. max.) |
---|---|---|---|
+5 VDC | ±5% (±0.25 V) | +4.75 V to +5.25 V | 50 mV |
−5 VDC | ±10% (±0.50 V) | –4.50 V to –5.50 V | 50 mV |
+12 VDC | ±5% (±0.60 V) | +11.40 V to +12.60 V | 120 mV |
−12 VDC | ±10% (±1.2 V) | –10.8 V to –13.2 V | 120 mV |
+3.3 VDC | ±5% (±0.165 V) | +3.135 V to +3.465 V | 50 mV |
+5 VSB | ±5% (±0.25 V) | +4.75 V to +5.25 V | 50 mV |
Read more about this topic: ATX
Famous quotes containing the words power and/or supply:
“We know that madness belongs to love,what power to paint a vile object in hues of heaven.”
—Ralph Waldo Emerson (18031882)
“Odors from decaying food wafting through the air when the door is opened, colorful mold growing between a wet gym uniform and the damp carpet underneath, and the complete supply of bath towels scattered throughout the bedroom can become wonderful opportunities to help your teenager learn once again that the art of living in a community requires compromise, negotiation, and consensus.”
—Barbara Coloroso (20th century)