List of Treaties and Conventions Related To Arms Control
Some of the more important international arms control agreements follow:
- Washington Naval Treaty, 1922-1939(as part of the naval conferences)
- Geneva Protocol on chemical and biological weapons, 1925
- Antarctic Treaty, signed 1959, entered into force 1961
- Partial Test Ban Treaty, signed and entered into force 1963
- Outer Space Treaty, signed and entered into force 1967
- Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, signed 1968, entered into force 1970
- Seabed Arms Control Treaty, signed 1971, entered into force 1972
- Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT I), signed and ratified 1972, in force 1972-1977
- Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty, signed and entered into force 1972, terminated following U.S. withdrawal 2002
- Biological Weapons Convention, signed 1972, entered into force 1975
- Threshold Test Ban Treaty, signed 1974, entered into force 1990
- SALT II signed 1979, never entered into force
- Environmental Modification Convention, signed 1977, entered into force 1978
- Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons, signed 1980, entered into force 1983
- Moon Treaty, signed 1979, entered into force 1984
- Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty, signed 1987, entered into force 1988
- Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, (CFE Treaty) signed 1990, entered into force 1992
- Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START I), signed 1991, entered into force 1994, expired 2009
- Chemical Weapons Convention, signed 1993, entered into force 1997
- START II, signed 1993, ratified 1996 (United States) and 2000 (Russia), terminated following Russian withdrawal 2002
- Ottawa Treaty on anti-personnel land mines, signed 1997, entered into force 1999
- Open Skies Treaty, signed 1992, entered into force 2002
- Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty (SORT), signed 2002, entered into force 2003, expires 2012
- Convention on Cluster Munitions, signed 2008, entered into force 2010
- New START Treaty, signed by Russia and the United States in April 2010, entered into force in February 2011
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“Knowledge in the form of an informational commodity indispensable to productive power is already, and will continue to be, a major—perhaps the major—stake in the worldwide competition for power. It is conceivable that the nation-states will one day fight for control of information, just as they battled in the past for control over territory, and afterwards for control over access to and exploitation of raw materials and cheap labor.”
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