Armeno-Mongol Relations
Mongol Armenia or Ilkhanid Armenia refers to the period in which both Armenia (during its union with the Kingdom of Georgia) and the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia became tributary and vassal to the Mongol Empire (the later Ilkhanate) in the 1230s. Armenia and Cilicia remained under Mongol influence until around 1320.
During the time period of the later Crusades (1250s to 1260s), there was a short-lived Armenian-Mongol alliance, engaged in some combined military operations against their common enemy, the Mameluks. They succeeded in capturing Baghdad in 1258, but suffered defeat eight years later.
The Armenian calls for a wider Christian-Mongol alliance against Mameluk Islam, advocated notably by Hayton of Corycus, were ignored by the Latin powers in the Levant, leading to the demise of the European Crusader States and the imminent failure of the Crusades as a whole.
Read more about Armeno-Mongol Relations: Armenian Vassalage To The Mongols, Hethum's Embassy To The Mongol Court (1254), Relations With Antioch, Military Collaboration, Mamluk Opposition, Joint Invasion of Syria (1280-1281), Continued Armeno-Mongol Relations, Attempt To Recapture The Levant (1297-1303), Advocating A New Crusade With The Mongols (1307), Last Mongol Intervention in Cilician Armenia (1322)
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