The Origin
During the 18th century Ottoman Empire sustained extensive territorial losses (see: decline of the Ottoman Empire) and the Balkan nationalities, aided by European arms and diplomacy began their struggles for their liberation, (see: national awakening in the Balkans). Most Armenians lived in provinces bordering Russia, and not any other European states. Russia became increasingly involved in Ottoman affairs using the "capitulations of the Ottoman Empire" established after the Russian intervention in 1877-1878. Russia gained control over a large part of Armenia, and became the champion of Armenians in the Ottoman Empire (a protectorate clause). Russia was also instrumental in obtaining the independence of Romania (see:National awakening of Romania) and Serbia. Beginning with the Congress of Berlin, Armenian question become a pivotal factor, in which sometimes Russia had to step back as a result of the English and German pressure, or vice versa.
French diplomat Victor Bérard wrote,
| “ | After six months of constant massacres, while Europe pretended that the Armenian Question was already solved, the Armenians decided to show Europe that the Armenian Question still existed but that there was no Ottoman government any more. | ” |
Read more about this topic: Armenian Question
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