Araucaria - Classification and Species List

Classification and Species List

There are four extant sections and two extinct sections in the genus, sometimes treated as separate genera. Genetic studies indicate that the extant members of the genus can be subdivided into two large clades – the first consisting of the section Araucaria, Bunya, and Intermedia; and the second of the strongly monophyletic section Eutacta. Sections Eutacta and Bunya are both the oldest taxa of the genus, with Eutacta possibly older.

• Section Araucaria. Leaves broad; cones more than 12 cm (4.7 in) diameter; seed germination hypogeal. Syn. sect. Columbea; sometimes includes Intermedia and Bunya
  • Araucaria angustifolia – "Paraná pine" (obsolete: "Brazilian pine", "candelabra tree"; southeastern Brazil, northeastern Argentina
  • Araucaria araucana – "monkey-puzzle" or "pehuén" (obsolete: "Chile pine"); central Chile & western Argentina
  • †Araucaria nipponensis – Japan
• Section Bunya. Contains only one living species. Produces recalcitrant seeds with hypogeal (cryptocotylar) germination, though extinct species may have exhbited epigeal germination.
  • Araucaria bidwillii – "bunya-bunya"; Eastern Australia
  • †Araucaria brownii
  • †Araucaria mirabilis – Patagonia
  • †Araucaria sphaerocarpa
• Section Intermedia. Contains only one living species. Produces recalcitrant seeds
  • Araucaria hunsteinii – "klinki"; New Guinea
  • †Araucaria haastii
• Section Eutacta. Leaves narrow, awl-like; cones less than 12 cm (4.7 in) diameter; seed germination epigeal
  • Araucaria bernieri – New Caledonia
  • Araucaria biramulata – New Caledonia
  • Araucaria columnaris – "Cook pine"; New Caledonia
  • Araucaria cunninghamii – "Moreton Bay pine", "hoop pine"; Eastern Australia, New Guinea
  • Araucaria heterophylla – "Norfolk Island pine"; Norfolk Island
  • Araucaria humboldtensis – New Caledonia
  • Araucaria laubenfelsii – New Caledonia
  • Araucaria luxurians – New Caledonia
  • Araucaria montana – New Caledonia
  • Araucaria muelleri – New Caledonia
  • Araucaria nemorosa – New Caledonia
  • Araucaria rulei – New Caledonia
  • Araucaria schmidii – New Caledonia
  • Araucaria scopulorum – New Caledonia
  • Araucaria subulata – New Caledonia
• †Section Yezonia. Extinct. Contains only one species
  • †Araucaria vulgaris – Japan
• †Section Perpendicula. Extinct. Contains only one species
  • †Araucaria desmondii
• incertae sedis
  • †Araucaria fibrosa
  • †Araucaria beipiaoensis
  • †Araucaria nihongii – Japan
  • †Araucaria taieriensis

Araucaria bindrabunensis (previously classified under section Bunya) has been transferred to the genus Araucarites.