The Mongolian People's Republic
Between 1919 to 1921 he was minister of foreign affairs, minister of internal economic affairs in the provisional government of the newly founded Mongolian People’s Republic. From 1923 to 1928 Amar served as deputy prime minister and was subsequently appointed prime minister on February 21, 1928 upon the death of B. Tserendorj, a position he held until April 27, 1930.
From 1930 to 1932 Amar was chairman of the science committee and then from 1932 to 1936 he was elected chairman of the presidium of the Small Hural, the government body that exercised day-to-day control over affairs of state.
Amar was once again appointed prime minister (concurrently foreign minister) on February 22, 1936. He remained in the position until March 7, 1939 when he was purged (arrested and convicted of counterrevolutionary activities).
Shortly after commencing his second term as prime minister in 1936 Amar, along with Dansrangiin Dogsom, came under suspicion of counterrevolutionary activity when he pardoned prisoners implicated in the Lkhümbe case in honor of the fifteenth anniversary of the revolution. (Jambyn Lkhüme was secretary of the MPRP Central Committee who had been arrested by the Inter Security Directorate on charges of counterrevolution, tried and executed in 1934. A number of other innocent people were also arrested at the time). Khorloogiin Choibalsan, who had recently been appointed minister of internal affairs, exclaimed “We have to get rid of this feudal trouble-maker Amar!
Joseph Stalin had for a long time wished to remove Amar, but he was so highly respected that the Soviets dared not touch him. Stalin believed that Amar had been engaging in espionage for Japanese intelligence. The Russians had long feared a Japanese attack across Mongolia that could cut the Trans-Siberian Railway. Stalin had once remarked that if the Japanese had achieved such a victory, “the USSR would be finished”.
In September 1938, Choibalsan traveled to Moscow and met Stalin. There he received new instructions regarding the next phase of the purge. Choibalsan was ordered to have Luvsansharav, Secretary of the Mongolian Central Committee, remove Amar from his position through a government resolution that would accuse Amar of conducting poisonous activities against the state. After a sufficient propaganda campaign to destroy Amar’s reputation in Mongolia, he would be arrested.
Read more about this topic: Anandyn Amar
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