Aminophylline is a bronchodilator. It is a compound of the bronchodilator theophylline with ethylenediamine in 2:1 ratio. The ethylenediamine improves solubility, and the aminophylline is usually found as a dihydrate
Aminophylline is a nonselective adenosine receptor antagonist and phosphodiesterase inhibitor capable of reversing ischemia-induced bradyasystole. It does this by improving the rate of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). During atropine-resistant out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, all aspects of attempted resuscitation must proceed in accordance with standard Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) guidelines. After exhaustive conventional therapy, aminophylline is administered early in resuscitation efforts to re-establish cardiac rhythm. With aminophylline administration, the patient may have immediate resumption of cardiac electrical activity. Aminophylline should be an intervention with the ACLS treatment of atropine-resistant asystolic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
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