African Americans
- Bergeron, Arthur W. and Richard M. Rollins. Black Southerners in Gray: Essays on Afro-Americans in Confederate Armies. Rank and File Publications, 1994.
- Berlin, Ira, et a. eds. Freedom's Soldiers: The Black Military Experience in the Civil War. 1998.
- Cimprich, John. Fort Pillow, a Civil War Massacre, and Public Memory. Baton Rouge, Louisiana: Louisiana State University Press, 2005.
- Durden, Robert Franklin. The Gray and the Black: The Confederate Debate on Emancipation. Baton Rouge, Louisiana: Louisiana State University Press, 2000.
- Gannon, Barbarra A. The Won Cause: Black and White Comradship in the Grand Army of the Republic. Chapel Hill, North Carolina: University of North Carolina Press, 2011.
- Glatthaar, Joseph T. Forged in Battle: The Civil War Alliance of Black Soldiers and White Officers (2000)
- Glatthaar, Joseph T. The Civil War's Black Soldiers (1996)
- Levine, Bruce. Confederate Emancipation: Southern Plans to Free and Arm Slaves during the Civil War. (2005).
- Longacre, Edward G. A Regiment of Slaves: The 4th United States Colored Infantry, 1863-1866. Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania: Stackpole Books, 2003.
- Magness, Philip W. and Sebastion N. Page. Colonization After Emancipation: Lincoln and the Movement for Black Resettlement. Columbia, Missouri: University of Missouri Press, 2011.
- Robinson, Armstead L. Bitter Fruits of Bondage: The Demise of Slavery and the Collapse of the Confederacy, 1861-1865. University Press of Virginia, 2005.
- Ward, Andrew. River Run Red: The Fort Pillow Massacre in the American Civil War. New York: Viking, 2005.
Read more about this topic: American Civil War Bibliography
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“Resolved, There can never be a true peace in this Republic until the civil and political rights of all citizens of African descent and all women are practically established. Resolved, that the women of the Revolution were not wanting in heroism and self-sacrifice, and we, their daughters, are ready, in this War, to pledge our time, our means, our talents, and our lives, if need be, to secure the final and complete consecration of America to freedom.”
—Woman’s Loyal League (founded May 1861)
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