Preparation
Aluminium hydride impurities and related amines and ether complexes have long been reported. Its first synthesis published in 1947 and a U.S. patent for the synthesis was assigned to Petrie et al. in 1999. Aluminium hydride is prepared by treating lithium aluminium hydride with aluminium trichloride. The procedure is intricate, attention must be given to the removal of lithium chloride.
- 3 LiAlH4 + AlCl3 → 4 AlH3 + 3 LiCl
The ether solution of alane requires immediate use, because polymeric material precipitates otherwise. Aluminium hydride solutions are known to degrade after 3 days. Aluminium hydride is more reactive than LiAlH4, but their handling properties are similar.
Several other methods exist for the preparation of aluminium hydride:
- 2 LiAlH4 + BeCl2 → 2 AlH3 + Li2BeH2Cl2
- 2 LiAlH4 + H2SO4 → 2 AlH3 + Li2SO4 + 2 H2
- 2 LiAlH4 + ZnCl2 → 2 AlH3 + 2 LiCl + ZnH2
Read more about this topic: Aluminium Hydride
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