Alignment may refer to:
- Alignment (archaeology), secondary evidence used to associate features such as postholes
- Alignment (political party), in Israel from 1965 to 1992
- Alignment (role-playing games), the moral and ethical perspective of the characters, monsters, and societies
- Alignment (Dungeons & Dragons)
- Body alignment, in sports and dance, the proper placement of bones so that muscles do less work
- Business/IT alignment, how well an organization is able to use Information Technology to achieve objectives
- Constructive alignment, a method of devising teaching activities that directly address learning outcomes
- Data structure alignment, arranging data in computer memory to fit machine design
- Morphosyntactic alignment, the linguistic system used to distinguish between the arguments of transitive and intransitive verbs
- Ontology alignment, the process of determining correspondences between concepts
- Parallel text alignment, the identification of corresponding sentences in original and translated texts
- Planetary alignment, in astronomy, a straight line configuration of three celestial bodies
- Sequence alignment, in bioinformatics, arranging the sequences of DNA, RNA, or protein to identify similarities
- Shaft alignment, in mechanical engineering, aligning two or more shafts with each other
- Stone alignment, a linear arrangement of upright, parallel megalithic standing stones
- Structural alignment, establishing similarities in the 3D structure of protein molecules
- Typographic alignment, placement of printed matter relative to a page, column, margin, etc.
- Wheel alignment, automobile wheel and suspension angles which affect performance and tire wear
- Road or railway alignment, the route of a road or railway, defined as a series of horizontal tangents and curves; see: Geometric design of roads