History
By the 18th century, while Venice had a thriving artist community, her painters were still members of a guild of manual artisans, unlike other major capitol cities, there was no formal Academy of art. However, plans moved slowly in 18th century Venice. A decree by the Venetian Senate on December 14, 1724 sought the formation of an Accademy. In 1750, a second decree reaffirmed the need for an academy, but not till December 27, 1766did the senate order without delay the erection of an Academy of sculpture, painting, and civil architecture that would be similar to those in the Principal (cities) of Italy and Europe.
The Accademia di Belle Arti di Venezia founded in 1750 installed as its first president was Giovanni Battista Piazzetta, with other advisors Giambattista Pittoni and Giovanni Maria Morlaiter. The aim was to replicate official institutions which had existed for many years in other major artistic centers including Rome (Accademia di San Luca), Florence (Accademia delle Arti del Disegno), Milan, and Bologna (Accademia Clementina). Among the thirty six founding accademics were the following Painter of Figures: Antonio Marinetti, Antonio Zucchi, Domenico Fontebasso (the son of Francesco), Domenico Maggiotto and his son Francesco, Francesco Ceppella, Francesco Pavona, Francesco Zugno, Gaetano Zompini, Giovanni Domenico Tiepolo, Giuseppe Angeli, Jacopo Guarana, Jacopo Marieschi, Michelangelo Morlaiter, Pietro Antonio Novelli, Pietro Gradizi, Pietro Longhi, Tomasso Bugoni. Among the Pittori di Ritratti were Alessandro Longhi, and Fortunato Pasquetti. Among the Pittore di Prospettive, paesi, ornamenti, ed Architetti were Antonio Joli, Antonio Visentini, Francesco Zanchi, Francesco Zuccarelli, Giovanfrancesco Costa, and Gerolamo Mengozzi Colonna. Among sculptors were Bartolomeo Modulo, Carlo Gataipiera, Francesco Bonassa, Francesco Gai, Gaetano Susali, Giovanni Maria Morlaiter, Giovanni Marchiori, and Giuseppe Bernardi.
It was one of the first institutions to study art restoration starting in 1777 with Pietro Edwards, and formalized by 1819 as a course. Among teachers at the Academy in past and modern times were Tiepolo, Francesco Hayez, Nono, Ettore Tito, Arturo Martini, Alberto Viani, Carlo Scarpa, Afro, Santomaso, and Emilio Vedova.
The Accademia was renamed the Accademia Reale di Belle Arti and moved to its present premises in 1807 by order of the Napoleonic occupying forces. This administration had disbanded many institutions in Venice including some churches, convents and Scuole. The Scuola della Carità, the Convento dei Canonici Lateranensi and the church of Santa Maria della Carità thus became the home of the Accademia. The Scuola della Carità was the oldest of the six Scuole Grande and the building dates back to 1343, though the scuola was formed in 1260. The Convento dei Canonici Lateranensi was started in 1561 by Andrea Palladio, though it was never fully completed. The facade of Santa Maria della Carità was completed in 1441 by Bartolomeo Bon.
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