Abrolhos Painted Buttonquail

The Abrolhos Painted Button-quail (Turnix varius scintillans) is a subspecies of the Painted Buttonquail endemic to the Houtman Abrolhos. It is common on North Island, and also occurs on other islands of the Wallabi Group, namely East Wallabi, West Wallabi, Seagull and Pigeon Islands. It lives amongst dunes and sand flats covered with Spinifex, saltbush and samphire, and avoids areas of limestone pavement. It obtains food by scratching in the surface soil. It breeds from April to October. Its nest is a scrape in loose soil about ten centimetres wide and two centimetres deep, beneath vegetation.

The first recorded sighting of the bird by Europeans was during the third voyage of HMS Beagle. On 22 May 1840, the crew of the ship landed at North Island, which John Lort Stokes described thus:

"The island was about a mile across, and nearly circular. It was surrounded by a range of hills, with a flat in the centre, covered with coarse grass, where a great many quails were flushed, affording good sport, but not a single wallaby."

Five years later, the subspecies was formally published by John Gould.

The subspecies is listed as "vulnerable" under the federal EPBC Act, and as "fauna which is rare, or likely to become extinct" under Western Australia's Wildlife Conservation Act 1950. Islands where it breeds are considered to have a high conservation value.